Appendicular Musculature
Appendicular Musculature
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- deltoid - origin: clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula (note: clavicular, acromial and scapular spine origins of deltoid, are same as insertions of trapezius) - insertion: deltoid tubercle of hu merus - shoulder abduction to 90 o , called glenohumeral abduction [abduction to 160 o continues by rotation of the scapula (shoulder girdle), called scapulothoracic abduction, by upper part of trapezius and se rratus anterior] - due to wide origin of the deltoid: also shoulder forward flexion (flexion) and shoulder backward flexion (extension) - innervation: axillary nerve (C - 5,6) - axillary nerve passes anteriorly on lateral side of humeral neck, so a distal lesion causes loss of shoulder forward flexion with retention of abduction and backward flexion - pectoralis major - origin: medial clavicle and lateral border of entire sternum - insertion: lateral lip of bicipital groove of humerus, creating anterior axillary fold - adduction and medial (internal) rotation of humerus (clavicular head aids flexion) - innervation: medial pectoral nerve and lateral pectoral nerve [(med. pec. = (C - 7,8); lat. pec. = (C - 6)] - pectoralis minor - origin: anterior ribs 3, 4, 5 - insertion: coracoid process - elevat es ribs, stabilizes shoulder girdle - innervation: medial pectoral nerve (C - 8;T - 1) - serratus anterior - origin: upper 8 ribs anterolaterally - insertion: medial (vertebral) border and inferior angle of scapula - protracts scapula (pulls shoulder forward), also assists scapulothoracic rotation - innervation: long thoracic nerve (C - 5,6,7) © Views of left shoulder from anterior anterior shoulder muscles
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